Persistencia a largo plazo de los efectos de un programa de mindfulness y autocompasión en profesionales sanitarios de Atención Primaria

  1. Fuertes, M.C. 1
  2. Aranda, G. 2
  3. Rezola, N. 3
  4. Erramuzpe, A. 3
  5. Palacios, C. 3
  6. Ibañez, B. 4
  1. 1 Sección de Planificación. Departamento de Salud. Gobierno de Navarra. Pamplona.
  2. 2 Subdirección de Farmacia. Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea (SNS-O).
  3. 3 Unidad Docente de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Gobierno de Navarra.
  4. 4 IdiSNA. Navarrabiomed – CHN – UPNA.
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Revue:
Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra

ISSN: 1137-6627

Année de publication: 2019

Volumen: 42

Número: 3

Pages: 269-280

Type: Article

DOI: 10.23938/ASSN.0718 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAccès ouvert editor

D'autres publications dans: Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra

Objectifs de Développement Durable

Résumé

Background. The effectiveness of mindfulness and self-compassion-based interventions (MSCI) on emotional fatigue and stress in Primary Healthcare (PHC) professionals has been demonstrated in the short term. The aims of this work were to assess whether these effects persist after two years, and if the observed results differ between those who practiced mindfulness regularly during the follow-up (meditators) and those who did not.Methods. Prospective study – pre-post and two years after performing an MSCI that was offered to all PHC professionals in Navarra, with group sessions of 2.5 hours / week for 8 weeks. Attending at least 75% of the sessions and practicing at home for 45 minutes a day were mandatory. At the three moments of the study, questionnaires were distributed to measure levels of mindfulness (FFMQ), self-compassion (SCS), perceived stress (PSQ) and burnout (MBI). At the end of the follow-up period, participants were asked if they were meditators and the time they dedicated to this weekly.Results. Forty-eight professionals were enrolled and 41 (83% women) met the inclusion criteria, without loss to follow-up. Mean scores in mindfulness, self-compassion and perceived stress significantly improved after the intervention and in the long term (p <0.001), without observing differences in the level of burnout. The group of meditators achieved a greater long-term improvement in self-compassion (3.6 points vs. 1.6).Conclusions. The effectiveness of an MSCI persists two years later regardless of meditator status, although there is a significant improvement in self-compassion in the meditators.

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Las variables categóricas se describie- ron mediante frecuencias y porcentajes, y las continuas mediante medias y desvia-ciones típicas (DT) o medianas y rangos intercuartílicos (RIC). Las comparaciones entre grupos se realizaron mediante el test no paramétrico de Mann-Whitney para las variables continuas y mediante el test Chi-cuadrado (o test de Fisher si las fre-cuencias esperadas eran pequeñas) para las categóricas. La evolución de las pun-tuaciones de las escalas continuas (FFMQ, SCS y PSQ) a corto (post-pre intervención) y largo plazo (2 años -pre intervención) se evaluó mediante la prueba de Wilcoxon de muestras emparejadas, representándose sus valores medios mediante diagramas de barras; la evolución en las variables categóricas (subescalas MBI en 3 catego-rías) se evaluó mediante el test McNemar-Browker (extensión del test de McNemar para el caso de variables relacionadas no dicotómicas) y se representó gráficamente mediante diagrama de barras para la variable mejoría, compuesta de cinco valores según si habían mejorado dos categorías, una o ninguna, o habían empeorado una o dos categorías. La efectividad de la inter-vención entre los grupos de meditadores y no meditadores se comparó utilizando el test de Mann-Whitney aplicado a las di-ferencias de las escalas para las variables continuas y utilizando el test de tenden-cias en las proporciones para la variable mejoría.

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